Kodi Telefoni Yoteteza Kuphulika N'chiyani Ndipo Imagwira Ntchito Bwanji?

Anfoni yosaphulikandi chipangizo chapadera cholankhulirana chomwe chinapangidwa kuti chizigwira ntchito mosamala m'malo oopsa komwe kuli mpweya woyaka, nthunzi, kapena fumbi. Bukuli likufotokoza za kapangidwe kaukadaulo, miyezo yachitetezo, ndi njira zogwirira ntchito zomwe zimaletsa zipangizozi kuti zisayake m'malo omwe mafakitale amasinthasintha.

Kufotokozera Foni Yotsimikizira Kuphulika

An foni yosaphulikandi malo olumikizirana amphamvu kwambiri omwe adapangidwa kuti azisunga zoyaka zamkati kapena kutentha, kuonetsetsa kuti sizikuyambitsa zoopsa zamlengalenga. Zipangizozi ndi zinthu zofunika kwambiri pachitetezo cha mafakitale oyenga mafuta, mafakitale opanga mankhwala, ndi ntchito zamigodi yapansi panthaka. Mosiyana ndi mafoni wamba amafakitale, mafoni osaphulika amayesedwa mwamphamvu kuti akwaniritse miyezo yeniyeni yotetezera padziko lonse lapansi, monga ATEX kapena IECEx.

Pofuna kusunga umphumphu wa ntchito, opanga zinthu mongaSiniwoYang'anani kwambiri pa zipangizo zolimba za nyumba ndi zida zamagetsi zolekanitsidwa. Zipangizozi zimaonetsetsa kuti ngakhale patakhala vuto lamagetsi lamkati, mphamvu zomwe zimatuluka sizikwanira kuyambitsa kuphulika kwakunja.

Kodi Foni Yoteteza Kuphulika Imagwira Ntchito Bwanji?

Mfundo yaikulu yogwirira ntchito ya foni yosaphulika ndi kusunga mphamvu ndi kuziziritsa mpweya wotuluka. Pamene mzere wamagetsi uchitika mkati mwa makina a foni, khoma lolimba limaletsa kutsogolo kwa moto kufika pamlengalenga woopsa wakunja. Kapangidwe kake kamagwiritsa ntchito "njira za moto" - mipata yokonzedwa bwino m'malo olumikizirana - zomwe zimaziziritsa mpweya wotuluka pansi pa kutentha kwawo asanatuluke mu chipangizocho.

Njira ina yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi chitetezo chamkati (IS). Njira imeneyi imachepetsa mphamvu zamagetsi ndi kutentha mkati mwa chipangizocho kufika pamlingo wocheperako womwe umafunika kuti ayatse chisakanizo choopsa cha mlengalenga. Pogwiritsa ntchito zida zotsika mphamvu zamagetsi ndi zoletsa mphamvu zamagetsi, foniyo singathe kupanga mphamvu zokwanira kuti iyake.

Njira Zofunika Zotetezera Polankhulana Moopsa

Mainjiniya amagwiritsa ntchito njira zingapo zodzitetezera kuti atsimikizire kuti kulumikizana kuli kodalirika m'malo omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu. Njira zodziwika bwino zimaphatikizapo "Ex d" (Yosayaka Moto) ndi "Ex i" (Chitetezo Chamkati). Kumvetsetsa njira izi ndikofunikira posankha zida zoyenera zamalo enaake ozungulira omwe afotokozedwa ndiKhodi Yamagetsi Yadziko Lonse (NEC).

Kukhulupirika kwa Zinthu ndi Kapangidwe ka Malo Ozungulira

Kulimba kwa foni yolimba yomwe siiphulika kumadalira kwambiri zinthu zomwe imatsekeredwa, zomwe ziyenera kupirira kuwonongeka kwa thupi komanso kuwonongeka kwa mankhwala. Mitundu yambiri yapamwamba imagwiritsa ntchito aluminiyamu kapena polyester yolimbikitsidwa ndi galasi (GRP). Aluminiyamu imapereka mphamvu zabwino kwambiri pamapangidwe, pomwe GRP imakondedwa m'malo omwe amawononga kwambiri, monga mapulatifomu obowola m'mphepete mwa nyanja komwe kupopera mchere kumakhala kosalekeza.

Mafoni a m'manja a mafakitale a Siniwonthawi zambiri amaphatikizidwa mu machitidwe awa, okhala ndi ma polima osagundana ndi zingwe zotetezedwa. Chipindacho chiyenera kukhala ndi mulingo wapamwamba wa Ingress Protection (IP), nthawi zambiri IP66 kapena IP67, kuti fumbi laling'ono ndi madzi othamanga kwambiri zisalowe.

Kufunika kwa Ziphaso za ATEX ndi IECEx

Kutsatira miyezo ya chitetezo yapadziko lonse lapansi ndiye chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pakupanga ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zida zopewera kuphulika.Malangizo a ATEX(European Union) ndiDongosolo la IECEx(International Electrotechnical Commission) imapereka njira yoyesera ndi kupereka satifiketi. Miyezo iyi imagawa malo m'magulu a "Malo" kutengera kuchuluka ndi nthawi ya kukhalapo kwa mpweya wophulika.

Malinga ndiMiyezo ya IEC 60079, zida ziyenera kukhala ndi zilembo zomwe zili ndi mulingo wake wodzitetezera, gulu la mpweya (monga IIB kapena IIC), ndi kalasi ya kutentha (T-rating). Mwachitsanzo, mulingo wa T6 umasonyeza kuti kutentha kwa pamwamba pa chipangizocho sikudzapitirira 85°C, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chikhale chotetezeka ku malo omwe ali ndi mpweya wochepa woyatsira.

Kuyerekeza: Umboni Wophulika vs. Mafoni Osagwira Ntchito ndi Nyengo

Ngakhale kuti mitundu yonse iwiri ya zipangizo ndi "ya mafakitale," imagwira ntchito zosiyanasiyana zotetezera. Foni yosagwedezeka ndi nyengo imateteza ku zinthu zachilengedwe monga mvula ndi fumbi, koma ilibe mphamvu zotetezera mkati ngati chitsanzo chosagwedezeka ndi kuphulika. M'malo oopsa, kugwiritsa ntchito foni yokhazikika yosagwedezeka ndi nyengo kungayambitse moto woopsa ngati moto wamkati ukabuka.

Zinthu Zapamwamba mu Mafoni Amakono Oopsa

Mafoni amakono osaphulika asintha kwambiri kuposa kutumiza mawu mosavuta mpaka kuphatikiza kulumikizana kwa digito. Mayunitsi ambiri tsopano amathandizira ma protocol a Voice over IP (VoIP), zomwe zimawalola kuti azilumikizana bwino ndi zomangamanga zazikulu za IT za malo. Kusinthaku kumathandiza kuyang'anira matenda patali ndi kugwiritsa ntchitoMa keypad a mafakitale a Siniwokuti muzitha kuyang'ana menyu movutikira komanso kuti muzitha kuyimba mwachangu mwachangu.

Kuphatikiza apo, ukadaulo wophatikizana woletsa phokoso ndi wofunikira. Malo ogwirira ntchito nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi phokoso lalikulu, ndipo phokoso lozungulira limapitirira 90dB. Mafoni amphamvu kwambiri amagwiritsa ntchito maikolofoni apadera kuti achotse phokoso la makina, ndikuwonetsetsa kuti kulumikizana kumveka bwino panthawi yamavuto.

Zofunikira pa Kukhazikitsa ndi Kukonza

Kukhazikitsa bwino ndikofunikira monga momwe zida zake zimakhalira kuti zisunge umphumphu wa "kuphulika". Ma waya onse olowera ayenera kutsekedwa ndi ma glands ovomerezeka kuti moto usadutse mu dongosolo la conduit. Ngati chisindikizo chimodzi chawonongeka, mulingo wonse wa chitetezo cha kukhazikitsako umachotsedwa.

Ndondomeko zosamalira nthawi zonse ziyenera kuphatikizapo kuyang'ana kukhulupirika kwaZipangizo za mafakitale a Siniwo, monga zingwe zopota ndi ma switch olumikizirana. Ogwira ntchito yokonza ayenera kuwonetsetsa kuti "njira za moto" sizili ndi utoto, dzimbiri, kapena zinyalala, chifukwa chotchinga chilichonse kapena kuwonongeka kwa malo awa kungathandize kuti moto utuluke m'chipinda chotchingiracho.

Mndandanda Wosankha Zinthu Pang'onopang'ono

Pogula zida zolumikizirana m'malo oopsa, akuluakulu achitetezo ayenera kutsatira njira yowunikira yokonzedwa bwino. Izi zimatsimikizira kuti chipangizo chomwe chasankhidwa chikugwirizana ndi zoopsa zomwe zili pamalopo.

1. Gawani Gawo:Dziwani ngati derali ndi Zone 0, 1, kapena 2 (kapena Class I, Div 1/2).

2. Dziwani Magulu a Gasi/Fumbi:Lumikizani foni ndi zinthu zomwe zilipo (monga, Hydrogen imafuna IIC rating).

3. Kalasi Yowunikira Kutentha:Onetsetsani kuti T-rating ndi yotsika kuposa kutentha kwa kuyatsa kwa mankhwala am'deralo.

4. Yesani Kulumikizana:Sankhani pakati pa Analog (PSTN) kapena Digital (VoIP/SIP) kutengera zomangamanga zomwe zilipo kale.

5. Yesani Kulimba:Tsimikizani kuti IP ikufanana ndi zinthu zomwe zimagwiritsa ntchito zinthu zowononga za m'deralo.

Udindo wa Kulankhulana Pankhani Yoyankha Mwadzidzidzi

Pakagwa ngozi pamalopo, foni yosaphulika imagwira ntchito ngati njira yopulumutsira ogwira ntchito. Zipangizozi nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi zinthu za "hotline", zomwe zimakwezaMafoni a Siniwo osaphulikaZimadziwitsa chipinda chowongolera chokha. Kudalirika panthawiyi sikungakambirane, chifukwa mafoni ndi ma wailesi wamba amatha kuletsedwa chifukwa cha zoopsa zawo zoyatsira.

Akatswiri amakampani kuOSHAkutsindika kuti kulankhulana kodalirika ndi chinsinsi cha chitetezo kuntchito m'magawo omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu. Kukhala ndi malo olumikizirana opanda zingwe komanso osaphulika kumatsimikizira kuti kulumikizana kumakhala kotheka ngakhale maukonde opanda zingwe atalephera kapena zida zoyendetsedwa ndi mabatire zitatha.

Mafunso Ofunsidwa Kawirikawiri

Kodi ndingagwiritse ntchito foni yam'manja yodziwika bwino pamalo osaphulika?

Ayi, mafoni wamba si "otetezeka kwenikweni" ndipo amatha kupanga zithumwa kapena kutentha komwe kumatha kuyatsa mlengalenga woyaka. Mafoni odziwika bwino omwe ndi otetezeka mwachibadwa kapena mafoni osaphulika omwe ndi okhazikika ndi omwe ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito popewa masoka omwe angachitike m'malo oopsa.

Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa mafoni a ATEX Zone 1 ndi Zone 2?

Mafoni a Zone 1 amapangidwira madera omwe mpweya wophulika ungachitike nthawi zonse. Mafoni a Zone 2 ndi a madera omwe mpweya woterewu sungachitike, kapena udzakhalapo kwa kanthawi kochepa, zomwe zimafuna chitetezo chosiyana.

Kodi mafoni osaphulika amafunika mawaya apadera kuti aikidwe?

Inde, zipangizozi ziyenera kuyikidwa pogwiritsa ntchito zingwe zotetezedwa ndi ma glands kapena ma conduit ovomerezeka omwe saphulika. Pankhani ya mitundu yotetezeka mwachibadwa, ziyenera kulumikizidwa kudzera mu chotchinga chachitetezo chomwe chimachepetsa mphamvu zamagetsi zomwe zimalowa m'dera loopsa.

Kodi ndingatsuke bwanji foni yosaphulika popanda kuiwononga?

Kuyeretsa kuyenera kuchitika ndi nsalu yonyowa kuti magetsi asamangidwe. Pewani kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osungunulira omwe angawononge GRP kapena nyumba ya aluminiyamu. Nthawi zonse onani buku la malangizo la wopanga kuti muwonetsetse kuti zotsukira sizikuwononga umphumphu wa chisindikizo.

Kodi "T-rating" pa chipangizo chopanda kuphulika ndi chiyani?

T-rating, kapena Temperature Class, imasonyeza kutentha kwakukulu komwe chipangizochi chingafikire pamene chili ndi vuto. Mwachitsanzo, T4 rating imatanthauza kuti pamwamba pake sipadzapitirira 135°C, kuonetsetsa kuti sichidzayatsa mpweya wokhala ndi kutentha koyatsa kokha kuposa malire amenewo.