Kodi mungasankhe bwanji foni yosapsa ndi ATEX yogwiritsidwa ntchito m'mafakitale opanga mankhwala?

• Kugawa madera, gulu la gasi, ndi kalasi ya kutentha kumatsimikiza ngati foni ya ATEX ndi yovomerezeka.
• Mu zomera za mankhwala, kumveka bwino kwa mawu n'kofunika kwambiri kuposa kuchuluka kwa mphete yokha.
• Chitetezo cha kulowa, kukana dzimbiri, ndi kalembedwe koyikira zimakhudza mtengo wa moyo wonse komanso chitsimikizo.
• Kwa ogula mapulojekiti, zikalata, zosungira, ndi kuthekera kogwirira ntchito zimachepetsa chiopsezo kuposa mtengo wotsika kwambiri.

Foni ya ATEX yosaphulikaKusankha chomera cha mankhwala kuyenera kuyamba ndi kutsatira malamulo, kenako kusuntha ku magwiridwe antchito a mawu, kulimba, ndi chithandizo cha moyo wonse; dongosololi ndi lofunika chifukwa mafoni am'deralo ndi zida zotetezera, osati mafoni a m'manja. Pansi pa dongosolo la ATEX, zida nthawi zambiri zimayesedwa malinga ndi momwe zimagwiritsidwira ntchito m'malo osiyanasiyana, gulu la zida, ndi lingaliro loteteza, pomwe kuwongolera kuyatsa kwamagetsi nthawi zambiri kumagwirizana ndi miyezo mongaMalangizo a 2014/34/EUndi machitidwe oyesera kapena kukhazikitsa omwe atchulidwa ndi zikalata za IEC ndi ISO. M'mawu ogwira ntchito a chomera, chipangizo cholumikizirana chiyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito bwino mu phokoso, kugwedezeka, chinyezi, ndi mlengalenga wowononga, chifukwa kuyimba kodalirika panthawi yamavuto kungakhale kofunikira kwambiri kuposa pepala labwino kwambiri. Kuti mudziwe zambiri za zida, onanizinthu zolumikizirana zamafakitale,mafoni otetezedwa kuphulikandimafoni osagwedezeka ndi nyengoamagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo ovuta.

Momwe mungasankhire foni yosaphulika ya ATEX pa chomera cha mankhwala: yambani ndi malo oopsa

Fyuluta yoyamba ndiyo kuyika foni pokhapokha ngati lingaliro lake loteteza likugwirizana ndi gulu la malo.

Malo opangira mankhwala nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi malo okhala ndi mpweya woyaka, nthunzi, zosungunulira, kapena fumbi loyaka, ndipo foni iyenera kutsimikiziridwa kuti ndi yoopsa. Mu dongosolo la ATEX, madera oopsa amagawidwa m'madera kutengera kuthekera ndi nthawi ya mlengalenga wophulika. Izi zikutanthauza kuti chitsanzo choyenera ku Zone 2 sichingavomerezedwe ku Zone 1, ndipo chipangizo chopangidwira malo okhala ndi mpweya sichingaphimbe zoopsa za fumbi pokhapokha ngati chayesedwa bwino pa zonse ziwiri.

Magulu ogula zinthu ayenera nthawi zonse kuyang'ana chizindikiro chonse, osati chizindikiro chosavuta chotsatsa. Chizindikirocho chiyenera kuzindikira gulu la zida, gulu, mtundu wa mlengalenga, gulu la gasi, ndi kalasi ya kutentha. Ku Ulaya, izi si mapepala osankha; ndi maziko a kuyenerera kuyika.

Mfundo yothandiza yofotokozera ndi mfundo za gulu la ATEX muMalangizo a 2014/34/EU, zomwe zimathandiza kusankha zida zamlengalenga wophulika ku EU. Kwa malo omwe amagwiritsa ntchito malo opangidwa ndi fumbi,IECMachitidwe a m'malo oopsa nthawi zambiri amafunsidwa pamodzi ndi zolemba za ATEX kotero magulu a uinjiniya, kukonza, ndi kutsatira malamulo amagwirizanitsidwa.

Foni ya ATEX yolimbana ndi kuphulika poyerekeza ndi foni ya m'dera loopsa: chomwe chimasinthadi

Mawuwa ndi ofunika kwambiri kuposa kapangidwe ka chitetezo komwe kali mkati mwake, chifukwa ogula nthawi zambiri amasokoneza foni yamakampani yolimba ndi foni yowopsa kwambiri.

Foni ya malo oopsa ndi gulu lalikulu lomwe limaphatikizapo foni iliyonse yopangidwira malo oopsa, pomwe foni yotetezeka kuphulika ya ATEX imasonyeza kuti ikutsatira dongosolo la European explosive-atmosphere. M'chinenero chogula, kusiyana kumeneku kungalepheretse cholakwika chokwera mtengo: foni yakunja yosagwira dzimbiri ikhoza kupulumuka kukhudzana ndi mankhwala, koma ikhoza kukhalabe yosayenera mkati mwa malo odziwika ngati ilibe satifiketi yoyenera.

Pa malo opangira mankhwala, foni iyeneranso kuthandizira milandu yogwiritsira ntchito kupitirira kuyimba kwachizolowezi. Ogwiritsa ntchito angafunike kulankhulana ndi zipinda zowongolera, magulu okonza, opereka zilolezo, akatswiri odzipatula, kapena ogwira ntchito yothandiza mwadzidzidzi. Chifukwa chake chipangizochi chiyenera kugwira ntchito pamalo osawoneka bwino, phokoso lalikulu, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito magolovesi, osati pongoyesa labotale yokha.

Pa malo osakanikirana, zimathandiza kuyerekeza chipangizo cha malo oopsa ndi mitundu yonse yamafoni a mafakitalendipo osagwiritsidwa ntchito molakwikamafoni osawononga, chifukwa zomera za mankhwala nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi malo ogawidwa m'magulu ndi osagawidwa m'magulu pamalo amodzi.

Ndi zinthu ziti zaukadaulo zomwe ndizofunikira kwambiri pafoni yolumikizirana ndi chomera cha mankhwala

Kugwira ntchito bwino kwa mawu, kulimba kwa malo obisika, komanso mwayi wokonza foniyo zimatsimikizira ngati foniyo ndi yothandiza ikayikidwa.

Pakulankhulana ndi mafakitale a mankhwala, ogula ambiri amaganizira kwambiri za satifiketi ndipo saganizira kwambiri za kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Zimenezo ndi zolakwika, chifukwa chipangizo chomwe chimadutsa mapepala koma sichimveka pamwamba pa phokoso la njira chimakhala chofooka pakugwira ntchito. M'magawo ambiri a njira, kumvetsetsa kwa mawu ndiye chiŵerengero chenicheni cha kupambana, makamaka pafupi ndi mapampu, ma compressor, ma blowers, ndi mizere yodzaza. Kapangidwe ka kulumikizana kwa mafakitale nthawi zambiri kamatsatira mfundo zokonzekera mawu m'malo mwa malingaliro a ogula pafoni, ndi maikolofoni yotengedwa, kutulutsa kwa sipika, ndi kuwongolera kwa side-tone zonse zimakhudza mtundu wa kuyimba.

Chitetezo cha pamwamba nachonso n'chofunika. Foni yoyikidwa pafupi ndi ma acid, zosungunulira, zoyambitsa poizoni, nthunzi, kapena mpweya wodzaza ndi mchere imafunika chotchinga ndi zinthu zotetezera zomwe sizimawonongeka. Kawirikawiri, zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri 316, ma thermoplastics opangidwa mwaluso, kapena ma keypad otsekedwa nthawi zambiri amasankhidwa kutengera mawonekedwe a kuwonetsedwa ndi njira yoyeretsera.

Pankhani ya kalasi ya kutentha ndi mawu otsimikizira, magulu a uinjiniya nthawi zambiri amafufuza motsatira zikalata zovomerezeka mongaZinthu za muyezo wa ISOndi zikalata zoyenera zotsatizana ndi ATEX zomwe zimaperekedwa ndi chipangizocho. Kuti kutentha kwa pamwamba ndi kulamulira kuyaka m'malo oopsa, malire enieni ololedwa ayenera kuwerengedwa kuchokera ku satifiketi ya chinthucho, osati kuchokera ku zinthu zosungiramo zokha.

Momwe mungayesere momwe kulumikizana kwa mankhwala kumagwirira ntchito kupitilira satifiketi

Foni imakhala yamtengo wapatali pokhapokha ngati ingathe kulankhula momveka bwino panthawi yomwe wogwiritsa ntchitoyo akuifuna kwambiri.

Mu fakitale ya mankhwala, kulankhulana kumalephera pazifukwa zomveka kale kwambiri kusanalephereke pazifukwa zotsatizana ndi malamulo. Phokoso lakumbuyo limabisa mawu, PPE imachepetsa kumveka, ma alamu amapikisana kuti apeze chidwi, ndipo zochitika zadzidzidzi zimalepheretsa nthawi yoyankha. Pachifukwa ichi, kumveka bwino kwa mawu kuyenera kuonedwa ngati chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pogula. Ngati ogwira ntchito yokonza zinthu sangamve mwini chilolezo kapena chipinda chowongolera sichingamvetse malangizo otsekedwa, makina olumikizirana sagwira ntchito bwino ngakhale zidazo zili ndi satifiketi.

Poyerekeza mitundu, ogula ayenera kufunsa zambiri zokhudza kutulutsa mawu pafoni, mphamvu ya maikolofoni, kapangidwe kotsutsana ndi phokoso, komanso kugwirizana ndi kapangidwe ka kuyimba kwa fakitale. Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri makamaka pamene mzerewu ungalumikizane ndi PBX, VoIP gateway, emergency intercom, kapena industrial paging system.

• Yesani chipangizocho pamalo pomwe phokoso limakhala lenileni, osati mu ofesi yopanda phokoso.
• Onetsetsani kuti magolovesi saletsa kugwiritsa ntchito makiyibodi.
• Onetsetsani ngati chingwe cha foni, hookswitch, ndi speakerphone mode zikupulumuka kugwiritsidwa ntchito mobwerezabwereza.
• Onetsetsani kuti kukonza kungathe kusintha zinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri popanda kugawa malowo m'gulu.

Kuti apeze njira yodziwira bwino za kulumikizana kwachilengedwe, magulu ambiri olankhulana ndi mafakitale amawunikiranso zikalata zoyika ndi chitetezo chamagetsi kuchokera kuNISTkuti mupeze maumboni ambiri otsimikizira ndi kudalirika, ngakhale njira yomaliza yotsimikizira itakhala yochokera ku ATEX. Zimenezi zimathandiza magulu ogula zinthu kukhala ndi mawu ofanana okhudza njira zoyesera, kulolerana, ndi kutsata.

Chifukwa chiyani chitetezo cha kulowa ndi kukana dzimbiri ndizofunikira kwambiri kuposa chithunzi cha katalogu

Kudalirika kwa nthawi yayitali mu chomera cha mankhwala nthawi zambiri kumatsimikiziridwa ndi chinyezi, zotsalira, ndi dzimbiri m'malo moyesedwa koyamba.

Anthu nthawi zambiri amaganiza kuti njira yotetezera kuphulika ndi yotetezeka ku chilichonse, koma satifiketi ya mlengalenga wophulika si yofanana ndi chitetezo ku kuukira kwa mankhwala. Foni yomwe ili pamalo ogwirira ntchito ingakumane ndi chinyezi, kusamba ndi madzi owopsa, kuwonekera panja pa UV, komanso zinthu zodetsa mpweya. Ngati zinthu zomwe zili mkati mwake zili zoipa, zimatseka mwachangu ndipo mabatani amakhala osadalirika. Zimenezi zimapangitsa kuti pakhale nthawi yogwira ntchito, maulendo ambiri okonza zinthu, komanso nthawi yoipa kwambiri, malo olumikizirana akachitika ngozi.

Chitetezo cha kulowa m'nyumba chimathandiza kusiyanitsa kukana fumbi ndi madzi, koma magulu a mafakitale ayenera kuganizira mozama za gawo limodzi. Kukana dzimbiri, kukhazikika kwa UV, komanso kulimba kwa gasket zimakhudza mtengo wa moyo. Ichi ndichifukwa chake malo omwe ali ndi njira zotsukira mwamphamvu nthawi zambiri amakonda mapepala achitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri kapena nyumba za polima zomwe zasankhidwa mosamala m'malo mwa mapulasitiki wamba aofesi.

Mawebusayiti omwe amayerekezera zida zoopsa ndi mitundu yolimba yakunja ayeneranso kuwonansomafoni adzidzidzindiokamba ma horn a mafakitalekusankha ngati njira yolankhulirana ikufunika kuyimba foni mwachindunji, kuchenjeza zadzidzidzi kamodzi kokha, kapena kudziwitsa anthu m'dera lonselo.

Mndandanda wosankha mafoni a ATEX wolumikizirana ndi zomera za mankhwala

Mndandanda wokonzedwa bwino umachepetsa zolakwika za specifications ndipo umafulumizitsa kuvomerezedwa kwa uinjiniya.

Njira yogulira yothandiza kwambiri si chinthu choyamba koma chofunika choyamba. Yambani polemba malo, mtundu wa mlengalenga, malo oyikapo, momwe foni imayitanidwira, ndi mwiniwake wokonza. Kenako yerekezerani mitunduyo pazifukwa zoyezera. Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri m'mapulojekiti omwe EHS, uinjiniya, kugula, ndi ntchito zonse zili ndi ziyembekezo zosiyana.

1. Tsimikizani malo oopsa ndi gulu lofunikira la ATEX.
2. Tsimikizani gulu la mpweya ndi kalasi ya kutentha poyerekeza ndi gulu la malo.
3. Sankhani zinthu zotchingira zomwe zimatengera dzimbiri, kusamba, komanso kuwala kwa UV.
4. Yang'anani kalembedwe koyikira khoma, mzati, kapena gulu.
5. Tsimikizani njira yoyimbira foni, monga PBX, SIP, analog, kapena emergency relay logic.
6. Unikani zida zosinthira, nthawi yokonza, ndi zikalata zogwirira ntchito.

Kwa magulu ogula zinthu, foni yabwino kwambiri nthawi zambiri ndi yomwe imakhala yosavuta kuisunga nthawi yonse ya moyo wa chipangizocho. Ichi ndichifukwa chake malangizo okhazikitsa, kulengeza za kutsata malamulo, ndi kupezeka kwa zida zake kungakhale kofunikira monga foniyo yokha.

Ndi miyezo ndi zofunikira ziti zomwe ogula ayenera kutsimikizira

Miyezo imachepetsa kusamveka bwino, makamaka pamene makontrakitala ambiri akugwira ntchito.

Ogula a ATEX sayenera kudalira mawu osamveka bwino monga "oyenera madera oopsa" popanda kuwerenga fayilo yolembera ndi kutsatira chipangizocho. Maziko a malamulo a EU ndiye poyambira momveka bwino, koma mapulojekiti ambiri apadziko lonse lapansi amaphatikizanso zofunikirazo ndi machitidwe aukadaulo ozikidwa pa IEC. Kuti zitsimikizidwe, manambala ofunikira kwambiri ndi omwe amafotokoza komwe ndi momwe chipangizocho chingagwiritsidwe ntchito.

Zitsanzo za mtengo wa konkriti zikuphatikizapo Gawo 1 ndi Gawo 2, malire a kutentha kwa pamwamba pa T6 a 85 C, ndi zolinga zoteteza kulowa kwa IP66 kapena IP67. Mtengo umenewo ndi wofunika chifukwa umasanduka mwachindunji zisankho zokhazikika, zoletsa kukonza, ndi chiopsezo cholephera.

Pamene fakitale ikufuna chisankho chozikidwa pa umboni, imatha kufananiza foni yosankhidwa ndi zikalata zoyenera komanso ndi chikalata cha fakitaleyo. Pamenepo ndiye pamene kutsatira malamulo kumakhala chisankho chogwira ntchito m'malo mochita mapepala.

Kuti mudziwe zambiri zokhudza metrology ndi kudalirika, magulu a mainjiniya nthawi zina amafunsanaNIST, pomwe tsatanetsatane wa satifiketi ndi kutsata malamulo zikuwunikidwa motsutsana ndi zikalata za chipangizocho ndi mawu oyenera a EU paEUR-LexNgati fakitale ikugwiritsanso ntchito mauthenga adzidzidzi kapena machenjezo a anthu, malangizo akuluakulu a dongosolo angayerekezedwe ndiISOndi zinthu za IEC.

Momwe mafakitale a mankhwala ayenera kufananizira zosowa zoyika ndi kukonza

Kukhazikitsa ndi kukonza nthawi zambiri kumatsimikiza mtengo weniweni wa umwini kuposa mtengo wogulira.

Foni ya m'dera loopsa yomwe ndi yovuta kuyiyika, yovuta kuyiyang'ana, kapena yovuta kuyikonza idzadula ndalama zambiri pakapita nthawi. Mafakitale opanga mankhwala amafunikira zida zomwe magulu okonza zinthu angathe kuziyang'ana mwachangu, zomwe akatswiri amagetsi amatha kuziyika popanda kumveka bwino, komanso kuti zinthu zina zitha kupezeka mosavuta. Izi ndi zoona makamaka m'malo omwe ali ndi makontrakitala osinthasintha, ma shift angapo, kapena malamulo okhwima ololeza kugwira ntchito.

Mukasankha, funsani ngati foniyo ingathe kukonzedwanso pamalo pake, ngati zida zotsekera zilipo padera, komanso ngati wopanga amapereka zojambula zoyikiramo zokhala ndi miyeso yomveka bwino komanso chitsogozo cha mawaya. Dongosolo lothandiza liyenera kuthandizira kukonza koteteza komanso kubwezeretsa mwachangu pambuyo poti vuto lachitika.

• Sankhani mitundu yokhala ndi zilembo zomveka bwino komanso njira zodziwika bwino zolowera pa chingwe.
• Onetsetsani ngati chipangizocho chikuthandiza zomangamanga zomwe zilipo pa fakitale ya mafoni.
• Tsimikizani kuti zosintha za gasket ndi keypad zalembedwa.
• Tsimikizirani nthawi yogulira zida zosinthira musanagule komaliza.

Ngati tsamba lanu likufuna kuti kulumikizana kukhale kofanana m'madera osiyanasiyana, onaninso momwe chipangizo cha malo oopsachi chikugwirizana ndi zonse zomwe zili patsamba lanu.makina olankhulira anthu onsendi kapangidwe ka ma alamu. Zimenezi zimathandiza kupewa kusakaniza zida zogwiritsidwa ntchito kamodzi kokha zomwe zimakhala zovuta kuzisamalira.

Zolakwika zomwe zimachitika nthawi zambiri pogula foni ya ATEX yotetezeka kuphulika

Zolakwika zambiri zogulira zimachokera ku kusokoneza kukhwima ndi kutsatira malamulo kapena kupeputsa malo ogwirira ntchito.

Cholakwika choyamba ndi kugula chipinda m'malo mwa ngozi. Chomera cha mankhwala chili ndi madera ogawidwa m'magulu ndi osagawidwa m'magulu, ndipo chipangizocho chiyenera kufanana ndi magulu am'deralo, osati chizindikiro cha nyumbayo. Cholakwika chachiwiri ndikuwona mafoni onse akunja ngati otetezeka m'malo owopsa. Chachitatu ndi kusankha mtundu womwe umawoneka wolimba koma wopanda zida zogwirira ntchito, zikalata, kapena zowonjezera zoyenera.

Cholakwika chachinayi ndi kunyalanyaza khalidwe la ogwiritsa ntchito. Ngati ogwiritsa ntchito avala magolovesi, kunyamula zida, kapena kugwira ntchito movutikira, chipangizo chokhala ndi zowongolera zovuta chidzapewedwa. Cholakwika chachisanu ndikuwunika chipangizo chomwe chili muofesi yokha. Kuyesa kwamunda ndikofunikira chifukwa phokoso, ma alamu, ndi zoletsa za ntchito zimasintha kwathunthu zomwe zimachitika.

1. Musaganize kuti "mafakitale" amatanthauza kutsatira malamulo a ATEX.
2. Musanyalanyaze kalasi ya kutentha pamene malo osungiramo zinthu ali pafupi ndi malo otenthetsera.
3. Musasankhe kiyibodi kapena foni yomwe ndi yovuta kuyeretsa.
4. Musamaphonye kukonzekera zida zosinthira.

Zochitika zoyenera kwambiri pakulankhulana ndi zomera za mankhwala

Foni yoyenera imadalira ntchito yomwe iyenera kuchita, osati malo okha omwe yayikidwa.

M'zipinda zowongolera, chinthu chofunika kwambiri chingakhale kugwirizana ndi netiweki ya telecom ya fakitale. M'mafamu a matanki, chinthu chofunika kwambiri chingakhale dzimbiri ndi kukana nyengo. M'malo olowetsa zinthu, chipangizochi chingafunike kuyambika mwachangu komanso kumveka bwino. M'malo otuluka mwadzidzidzi, kuphweka ndi kuwonekera ndikofunikira kwambiri. Kusiyana kumeneku ndi chifukwa chake chitsanzo chimodzi sichingagwirizane ndi malo aliwonse mu chipangizo cha mankhwala.

Kwa ogula ambiri, njira yabwino kwambiri ndiyo kuyika zinthu mofanana malinga ndi zochitika: chitsanzo chimodzi cha malo oopsa m'malo ogawidwa m'magulu, chitsanzo chimodzi chosagwedezeka ndi nyengo m'malo omwe ali otseguka koma osagawidwa m'magulu, ndi chipangizo chimodzi chadzidzidzi m'malo othana ndi ngozi. Zimenezi zimapangitsa kuti maphunziro akhale osavuta komanso zida zina zikhale zosavuta kuzisamalira.

Mafunso Ofunsidwa Kawirikawiri Pankhani Yosankha Mafoni Osaphulika a ATEX

1. Kodi chinthu choyamba chomwe muyenera kuyang'ana musanagule foni yotetezeka kuphulika ya ATEX ndi chiyani?

Choyamba chowunikira ndi kugawa malo owopsa, chifukwa foni iyenera kufanana ndi chiopsezo chenicheni cha mlengalenga wophulika patsamba lino.

2. Kodi foni yamakampani yolimba ndi yotetezeka yokha pa fakitale ya mankhwala?

Ayi, chifukwa kulimba sikufanana ndi kutsatira malamulo a ATEX, ndipo malo otchingira olimba sangalepheretse kuyaka m'malo odziwika bwino.

3. Kodi ndi IP rating iti yomwe nthawi zambiri imayembekezeredwa pazida zolumikizirana ndi mafakitale a mankhwala?

IP66 kapena IP67 nthawi zambiri imakondedwa pamene fumbi, kupopera, kapena kutsuka ndi gawo la malo ogwirira ntchito.

4. N’chifukwa chiyani kalasi ya kutentha ndi yofunika kwambiri?

Chifukwa pamwamba pa chipangizocho payenera kukhala pansi pa malire oyatsira mpweya kapena fumbi lozungulira, ndipo T6 imachepetsa kutentha kwa pamwamba pa chipangizocho kufika pa 85 C.

5. Kodi ndiyenera kusankha foni yokweza kwambiri yomwe ilipo?

Sizikutanthauza kuti, chifukwa kumveka bwino kwa mawu pamalo enieni a phokoso n'kofunika kwambiri kuposa kuchuluka kwa mphete.

6. Ndi zikalata ziti zomwe ndiyenera kupempha kwa wogulitsa?

Funsani kuti akuuzeni za kuvomereza, tsatanetsatane wa satifiketi, malangizo okhazikitsa, kuyanjana kwa malo, ndi zambiri zokhudzana ndi zida zina.

7. Kodi chipangizo chimodzi cholumikizirana chingaphimbe malo onse opangira mankhwala?

Kawirikawiri sizili choncho, chifukwa madera osankhidwa, malo ogwiritsira ntchito zinthu zakunja, ndi malo odzidzimutsa nthawi zambiri amafunika chitetezo chosiyana komanso zinthu zofunika kuziganizira.