Buku Loyerekeza la Foni Yotsimikizira Kuphulika kwa Mafoni vs Weatherproof

Chiyambi

Kusankha pakati pa foni yosaphulika ndi foni yosagwedezeka ndi nyengo kumayamba ndi kumvetsetsa kusiyana pakati pa chitetezo cha malo oopsa ndi kukana chilengedwe. Ngakhale zonse ziwiri zimapangidwa kuti zikhale zovuta, zimathetsa mavuto osiyanasiyana: chimodzi chapangidwa kuti chipewe kuyaka mumlengalenga wosasunthika, pomwe china chimapangidwira kuti chizigwira ntchito mumvula, fumbi, ndi kutentha kwambiri. Bukuli likufotokoza momwe kapangidwe kake, ziphaso, ndi kagwiritsidwe ntchito kake kamasiyanirana, kuti mutha kufananiza foni ndi zoopsa zomwe zili pamalopo. Pamapeto pake, mudzatha kuyerekeza zofunikira zachitetezo, zosowa zotsatizana, ndi zochitika zotumizira ndi chidaliro chachikulu.

Chifukwa chake kusankha foni yotetezeka kuphulika poyerekeza ndi foni yotetezeka ku mphepo ndikofunikira

Kusankha zida zolumikizirana zamafakitale kumafuna kumvetsetsa bwino zinthu zomwe zimasokoneza chilengedwe komanso zoopsa zomwe zingachitike pa malo. Pofufuza njira zolumikizirana zamatelefoni zolemera, kusiyana pakati pa foni yosaphulika ndi chipangizo chokhazikika choteteza nyengo sikuti ndi nkhani yokhazikika—ndi kusiyana kwakukulu mu filosofi ya uinjiniya.

Deta ya makampani ikusonyeza kuti mpaka 40% ya kulephera kwakukulu kwa maukonde olumikizirana m'malo olemera a mafakitale kumachokera ku kugwiritsa ntchito zida zopanda malo okwanira kapena malo oopsa. Kusankha nyumba yoyenera ndi mtundu wa satifiketi ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti zitsimikizire kuti ntchito ikugwira ntchito nthawi zonse komanso kusunga malamulo okhwima okhudza chitetezo pamalopo.

Malo owopsa, nthawi yogwira ntchito, ndi maudindo achitetezo

Malamulo amaletsa kutsatira kwambiri malamulo a chitetezo m'malo omwe pali zinthu zosungunuka. Ogwira ntchito m'malo osungiramo zinthu amakumana ndi mavuto akuluakulu azamalamulo ndi azachuma motsatira malamulo monga OSHA,ATEX, ndi IECEx.

Cholinga chachikulu cha foni yosaphulika ndikuwonetsetsa kuti chipangizocho sichingagwire ntchito ngati gwero la kuyatsa moto. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, foni yosagwedezeka ndi nyengo imapangidwa kuti igwire ntchito yake yokha motsutsana ndi nyengo komanso kulowa kwa thupi. Kulephera kufotokoza mlingo woyenera kungayambitse kuwonongeka kwakukulu kwa malo, chitetezo cha moyo, komanso chindapusa cha malamulo chomwe nthawi zambiri chimapitirira $100,000 pa kuphwanya lamulo lililonse.

Zochitika zomwe zimapangitsa chisankhocho kukhala cholondola

Mmene chipangizochi chimagwirira ntchito zimasonyeza zofunikira zoyambira pakufotokozera bwino za chipangizocho. Makampani olemera omwe si oopsa, monga madoko amalonda, ngalande za sitima, ndi machitidwe adzidzidzi a misewu ikuluikulu, amafuna kukana kwambiri chinyezi, fumbi, ndi kuwonongeka. Munkhaniyi, foni yolimba yomwe imateteza ku mphepo imapereka mphamvu yofunikira.

Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, kumunsi kwa mtsinjemafuta ndi gasiMalo oyeretsera zinthu, mafakitale opangira mafuta, ndi malo osungira tirigu ali ndi mpweya wodzaza ndi mpweya woyaka, nthunzi, kapena fumbi loyaka. Malo amenewa amafuna zida zopangidwa kuti zisunge kutentha kwamkati kapena zochitika za kutentha, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti foni yolimbana ndi kuphulika ikhale chinthu chosakambidwa kuti malamulo azitsatiridwa komanso chitetezo cha ntchito chikhale chotetezeka.

Kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa mafoni osaphulika ndi mafoni osagwedezeka ndi mphepo

Ngakhale magulu onse awiri a zipangizo ali ndi nyumba zolimba zakunja, mitundu yowoneka bwino, ndi mafoni amphamvu, kapangidwe kake ka mkati ndi njira zotsimikizira ndizosiyana kwambiri. Kumvetsetsa kusiyana kwa makina ndi magetsi kumeneku ndikofunikira kwambiri kwa magulu aukadaulo omwe ali ndi ntchito yogula.

Momwe mafoni osaphulika alili ndi chiopsezo choyaka moto

Foni yosaphulika imadalira njira zolimba zotetezera, nthawi zambiri pogwiritsa ntchito mfundo za kapangidwe ka Flameproof (Ex d) kapena Intrinsically Safe (Ex i). Pakapangidwe kosayaka moto, mpandawo umapangidwa ndi zipangizo zolemera—nthawi zambiri 5mm mpaka 8mm makulidwe a aluminiyamu kapena polyester yapadera yolimbikitsidwa ndi galasi (GRP)—yopangidwa kuti ipirire kupsinjika kwa kuphulika kwamkati.

Malumikizidwe a labyrinth opangidwa ndi makina ndi zololera zolimba zimaonetsetsa kuti mpweya uliwonse wotuluka umaziziritsidwa pansi pa kutentha kwa kuyaka kwa mlengalenga wozungulira. Kapenanso, chitetezo chamkati chimalepheretsa mphamvu zamagetsi mkati mwa circuitry kufika pamlingo wochepera mphamvu yoyakira yochepa (MIE) ya mpweya woopsa, nthawi zambiri kusunga mphamvu ya spark pansi pa 0.2 millijoule.

Momwe mafoni otetezedwa ku nyengo amapewera madzi, fumbi, ndi kugundana

Mafoni osagwedezeka ndi nyengo amaika patsogolo chitetezo cha kulowa kwa zinthu zachilengedwe m'malo moletsa kuyaka. Zipangizozi zimagwiritsa ntchito ma gasket olimba a silicone, ma PCB (ma PCB), ndi ma waya otsekedwa kuti ateteze madzi ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono kuti tisalowe.

Mayunitsi apamwamba kwambiri osagwedezeka ndi nyengo nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi IP66 kapena IP67 yoteteza ku mphepo, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti ndi olimba kwambiri ndipo amatha kupirira madzi amphamvu kapena kumizidwa kwakanthawi. Kutentha kwawo kogwirira ntchito kumakonzedwa bwino kuti kugwirizane ndi nyengo yoipa kwambiri, kumagwira ntchito bwino kuyambira -40°C mpaka +70°C, ndipo malo awo otchingira nthawi zambiri amamangidwa kuti asagwere kuvulala kwambiri kwa makina, nthawi zambiri amafika pa IK09 kapena IK10.

Miyezo, mavoti, ndi zizindikiro zoyerekeza

Kuyerekeza ziwirizi kumafuna kumvetsetsa bwino miyezo yapadziko lonse ya mafakitale ndi zizindikiro za zida. Zipangizo zotetezeka kuphulika zimakhala ndi mayina ovuta omwe amafotokoza bwino momwe zimagwirira ntchito bwino, pomwe zida zotetezeka ku nyengo zimadalira kwambiri machitidwe a IP ndi IK.

Momwe mungayerekezere mafoni osaphulika ndi osagwedezeka ndi nyengo

Kusankha choyenerachipangizo cholumikizirana cha mafakitaleimafuna matrix yowunikira yonse yomwe imapitirira mtengo wogulira woyamba. Popeza foni yosaphulika nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi chochulukitsa mtengo katatu mpaka kasanu poyerekeza ndi chipangizo chokhazikika choteteza nyengo, mainjiniya ayenera kusamala kwambiri ndi zofunikira pakukonza nthawi zonse.

Zofunikira zazikulu pakusankha ukadaulo

Miyezo yayikulu yaukadaulo iyenera kugwirizana ndi zofunikira pa mawu ndi chilengedwe cha malo ogwiritsira ntchito mafoni. Mitundu yonse iwiri ya mafoni imafuna mphamvu zotulutsa mawu kuti ithetse phokoso la mafakitale; nthawi zambiri ma ringers ayenera kupanga kuchuluka kwa kuthamanga kwa mawu kopitilira 85 dB(A) pamtunda wa mita imodzi.

Mean Time Between Failures (MTBF) ndi njira ina yofunika kwambiri, ndipo mitundu yapamwamba yamafakitale ikuyembekezeka kupereka kudalirika kosalekeza kwa maola opitilira 50,000. Kusankha zipangizo zomangira nyumba—kaya chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha m'madzi (SUS316L) cha malo owonongeka kwambiri m'mphepete mwa nyanja kapena GRP yosakhudzidwa ndi kugunda—kuyenera kufotokozedwa kutengera kukhudzana ndi mankhwala ndi zoopsa za kuwonongeka kwa UV.

Chitsimikizo, kukonza, ndi zida zina

Nthawi yogwiritsira ntchito satifiketi ndi kukonza imasonyeza kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa njira ziwirizi. Foni yosaphulika imafuna kutsatira kwambiri miyezo yake ya satifiketi nthawi yonse yogwirira ntchito.

Ziwalo zilizonse zosinthira, kuyambira zingwe za m'manja mpaka zolumikizira zamkati, ziyenera kukhala zida zovomerezeka zomwe zimaperekedwa ndi wopanga woyambirira kuti asunge mulingo wa ATEX kapena IECEx. Kusintha kosaloledwa kumangochotsa satifiketi yachitetezo. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, mafoni osagwedezeka ndi nyengo amapereka njira zosinthira zosamalira, zomwe zimathandiza magulu okonza kuti achite kukonza zinthu zomwe zili mu gawo la chipangizo popanda kuwononga kutsatira malamulo.

Kukhazikitsa, kuyika mawaya, kuyika pansi, ndi kuyang'anira

Kuvuta kwa kukhazikitsa kumakhudza kwambiri mtengo wonse woyika. Kukhazikitsa kosaphulika kumafuna kuti ma chingwe ang'onoang'ono omwe kale anali ovomerezeka (monga ma chingwe odzaza ndi zinthu zotchinga) atetezedwe kuti mpweya usadutse pakati pa chingwe.

Ma protocol okhazikitsa pansi ndi okhwima kwambiri, nthawi zambiri amafuna kulumikizana kwa equipotential ndi kukana kwa nthaka komwe kwatsimikiziridwa pa <1 ohm. Kuphatikiza apo, zida zosagwirizana ndi kuphulika zimayesedwa nthawi ndi nthawi motsatira miyezo monga BS EN 60079-17, zomwe zimafuna antchito apadera kuti atsimikizire kulekerera kwa majoini ndi kutseka bwino. Mafoni osagwedezeka ndi nyengo amafunikira ma IP-rated nylon kapena brass glands ndipo amatsatira malamulo okhazikika okhazikitsa magetsi a mafakitale, zomwe zimachepetsa kwambiri maola ogwira ntchito ndi nthawi yowunikira.

Nthawi yoti mutchule foni yoti isapse

Mlingo woti musankhe foni yosaphulika m'malo mwa njira ina yosapsa ndi nyengo umangodalira malo owopsa omwe ali pamalo oyikapo. Mainjiniya a malowa amachita kafukufuku wathunthu wa zoopsa kuti awonetse malo omwe pali zinthu zoyaka moto, ndikusankha mwachindunji zida zomwe zingasankhidwe.

Kugawa malo oopsa ndi momwe zinthu zilili

Madera oopsa amagawidwa m'magawo (European/IECEx system) kapena Divisions (North America system) kutengera kuchuluka ndi nthawi ya mpweya wophulika. Mafoni omwe amatumizidwa m'malo awa ayenera kugwirizana ndendende ndi gulu lomwe lasankhidwa.

Zolakwika zodziwika bwino zomwe muyenera kupewa

Magulu ogula ndi mainjiniya nthawi zambiri amakumana ndi zolakwika pakupanga zinthu zomwe zimaika chitetezo kapena kukweza bajeti. Cholakwika chofala kwambiri ndi kusankha zinthu mopitirira muyeso—kuyika foni yosaphulika pamalo otetezeka chifukwa chongoganiza kuti ndi yolimba, motero kuwononga ndalama zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito komanso kusokoneza kukonza mtsogolo.

Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, kusatchula bwino foni yokhazikika yomwe imateteza nyengo m'dera la Zone 2 chifukwa malowo amaonedwa kuti ndi "opanda mpweya wabwino" kumabweretsa chiopsezo chachikulu. Kunyalanyaza kwina komwe kumachitika nthawi zambiri ndi kunyalanyaza Gas Group ndi Temperature Class yeniyeni. Mwachitsanzo, malo okhala ndi haidrojeni amafunika kuyesedwa kolimba kwa Gulu la IIC, ndipo zida ziyenera kukhala ndi kutentha koyenera (monga T6, kuonetsetsa kuti kutentha kwakukulu kwa pamwamba sikupitirira 85°C) kuti mankhwala enaake ozungulira asayake okha.

Momwe magulu ogula zinthu angasankhire bwino

Kwa magulu ogula zinthu, kuthetsa kusiyana pakati pa malamulo okhwima a uinjiniya ndi zenizeni zamalonda kumafuna njira yokonzedwa bwino. Kusankha foni yoyenera ya mafakitale kumaphatikizapo kulinganiza kutsata malamulo achitetezo, kuthekera kogwirizanitsa, komanso kuthekera kochita bizinesi nthawi yonse ya zidazo.

Njira yowunikira pang'onopang'ono

Njira yowunikira yolimba imayamba ndi kuwunika kovomerezeka kwa zojambula za malo omwe ali pamalopo kuti zitsimikizire ngati foni yotetezeka kuphulika ikufunika mwalamulo. Kenako, magulu ayenera kufotokoza njira yolumikizirana—kusankha pakati pa ma analog wamba, SIP/VoIP, kapena maulumikizidwe apadera a ulusi wowunikira kutengera zomwe zilipo kale.Zomangamanga za PBX.

Zinthu zomwe zingasokoneze chilengedwe zomwe sizingawononge kuphulika, monga dzimbiri la mchere kapena phokoso lozungulira lopitirira 100 dB, ziyenera kulembedwa. Pomaliza, kugula kuyenera kuwerengera Mtengo Wonse wa Umwini (TCO) pa moyo wa zaka 10, kuphatikizapo ndalama zoyambira zogulira, ntchito yapadera yoyika, ndi ndalama zoyang'anira zida zosayesedwa bwino poyerekeza ndi njira zina zokhazikika zopewera nyengo.

Zofunikira zomaliza zosankha wogulitsa

Popita ku gawo losankha ogulitsa, oyang'anira kugula ayenera kuyang'anitsitsa zizindikiro zingapo zamalonda ndi zaukadaulo. Malipoti oyesera a chipani chachitatu ndi ziphaso zotsimikizika kuchokera ku mabungwe odziwika bwino (monga TUV, PTB, kapena SGS) ndizofunikira pazida zilizonse zotetezera kuphulika; kudzitsimikizira nokha sikuvomerezeka.

Zinthu zogulira zinthu zimagwiranso ntchito yofunika kwambiri, chifukwa zida zapadera nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi nthawi yoyambira ya masabata 6 mpaka 12, poyerekeza ndi masabata awiri mpaka anayi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zida zoteteza nyengo. Magulu ayeneranso kukambirana za Minimum Order Quantities (MOQs) kuti apeze zida zina ndikupempha chitsimikizo chokwanira, ndikuyika patsogolo ogulitsa omwe amapereka chithandizo cha miyezi 24 mpaka 36 pamodzi ndi chitsimikizo cha kupezeka kwa nthawi yayitali kwa zida zosinthira zovomerezeka.

Mfundo Zofunika Kwambiri

• Zomaliza zofunika kwambiri ndi zifukwa zomveka zogwiritsira ntchito telefoni yotsimikizira kuphulika
• Mafotokozedwe, kutsata malamulo, ndi macheke owopsa oyenera kutsimikiziridwa musanachite izi
• Njira zotsatila zogwira mtima komanso machenjezo omwe owerenga angagwiritse ntchito nthawi yomweyo

Mafunso Ofunsidwa Kawirikawiri

Kodi ndi liti pamene ndiyenera kusankha foni yosaphulika m'malo mwa foni yosagwedezeka ndi mphepo?

Gwiritsani ntchito foni yosaphulika m'malo oopsa okhala ndi mpweya, nthunzi, kapena fumbi loyaka, monga mafuta, gasi, mankhwala, kapena tirigu. Sankhani mafoni osapsa ndi nyengo kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito pamvula, fumbi, komanso panja pokha.

Kodi mafoni otetezedwa ku nyengo ndi otetezeka kumadera oopsa?

Ayi. Foni yolimba imateteza madzi, fumbi, ndi kugundana ndi mphepo, koma sinapangidwe kuti iteteze kuyaka. Pa malo oopsa, gwiritsani ntchito mitundu yovomerezeka ya ATEX kapena IECEx yolimba kuti isapse.

Ndi ziphaso ziti zomwe ndiyenera kuyang'ana ndisanagule foni yotetezeka kuphulika?

Tsimikizirani satifiketi yeniyeni ya malo oopsa, monga ATEX kapena IECEx, kuphatikiza gulu la gasi kapena fumbi, kalasi ya kutentha, ndi chizindikiro cha zone. Tsimikiziraninso CE, FCC, kapena ROHS ngati polojekiti yanu ikufuna.

Kodi Siniwo imapereka mafoni a m'mafakitale omwe saphulika komanso osagwedezeka ndi mphepo?

Inde. Siniwo imapereka mafoni, ma intercom, ndi zinthu zolumikizirana zadzidzidzi zomwe sizingaphulike komanso sizingagwere m'malo ovuta a mafakitale, zomwe zimaphatikizapo kapangidwe, kuphatikiza, kukhazikitsa, ndi chithandizo chokonza.

Kodi ndingasankhe bwanji foni yoyenera malinga ndi momwe tsamba langa lilili?

Yambani ndi kuwunika zoopsa patsamba lanu: kugawa zoopsa, kugwiritsa ntchito mkati kapena panja, zosowa za IP/IK, kutentha kwa malo, ndi mtundu wa netiweki monga analog, SIP, kapena VoIP. Kenako gwirizanitsani chitsanzocho ndi zofunikira zimenezo.