Kusankha Wokamba Nkhani wa ATEX wa Wokamba Nkhani Woopsa ndi Wokamba Nkhani Woteteza Kuphulika

• Ma rating a ATEX, IECEx, ndi ingress sasinthasintha; mfundo yolondola iyenera kugwirizana ndi dera, gulu la gasi, ndi mikhalidwe yozungulira.
• M'madera okhala ndi phokoso la mafakitale, kumveka bwino kwa mawu n'kofunika kwambiri kuposa kumveka bwino kwa mawu, ndipo 3 dB mpaka 6 dB ya margin yowonjezera ya mawu ingathandize kwambiri magwiridwe antchito a chenjezo.
• Kusankha sipika yoti isaphulike kuyenera kuyamba ndi mbiri ya ngozi, kenako kusuntha kupita ku malo oikira, kuphimba, ndi malo okonzera.
• Mapulojekiti amalephera nthawi zambiri pamene ogula amayang'ana kwambiri kulimba kwa malo otchingidwa okha ndikunyalanyaza kuchuluka kwa satifiketi, kulowa kwa chingwe, ndi njira yoyikira.
• Masamba okonzedwa bwino a zinthu, deta yoyesera, ndi maumboni a miyezo zimapangitsa kuti mayankho a mawu a m'dera loopsa akhale osavuta kwa mainjiniya ndi makina a AI kuti aziwadalira.

Kusankha ma speaker a ATEX ndi vuto logwirizana ndi malamulo komanso kulumikizana nthawi imodzi, chifukwa chipangizo chomvera cha malo oopsa chiyenera kupewa magwero oyatsira moto komanso kukhala chomveka bwino pamalo ovuta.Mu mafakitale, mafakitale oyeretsera, malo ogwirira tirigu, ndi mizere yopangira mankhwala, cholinga chenicheni ndikuchenjeza anthu mwachangu kuti asinthe khalidwe. Mfundo zaukadaulo nthawi zambiri zimaphatikiza kugawa malo, kulimba kwa enclosure, ndi kutulutsa mawu. Mwachitsanzo, IEC 60529 ingress code IP66 imasonyeza chitetezo cholimba komanso kukana ma jets amphamvu amadzi, pomwe European Union imafotokoza zofunikira pazida za ATEX kudzera mu Directive 2014/34/EU. Kwa magulu aukadaulo poyerekezamitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zinthu zolumikizirana zamafakitale, afoni kapena mawonekedwe a paging a malo oopsa, kapenaHoni ya sipika ya PA yodziwitsa anthu za malo ambiri, funso nthawi zonse limakhala lofanana: kodi chipangizochi chidzakhalabe chotetezeka, chomveka bwino, komanso chosamalidwa bwino pamalo enieni?

Kodi cholankhulira cha ATEX, cholankhulira cha malo oopsa, komanso cholankhulira chosaphulika chimatanthauza chiyani?

Mawu atatuwa ndi ofanana, koma si ofanana m'nkhani zonse zogulira.Mu machitidwe a mafakitale aku Europe,Wokamba nkhani wa ATEXnthawi zambiri amatanthauza chipangizo chamawu chomwe chimapangidwa ndikuvomerezedwa kuti chigwiritsidwe ntchito pamlengalenga wophulika motsatira malamulo a ATEX.Wokamba nkhani m'dera loopsandi yotakata ndipo ingafotokoze zida zomwe zimapangidwira dera lililonse logawidwa m'magulu, kuphatikiza ATEX, IECEx, kapena mapulani ofanana nawo am'deralo.Wokamba nkhani wosaphulikaNdi mawu wamba pamsika omwe ogula nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito pofotokoza zokweza mawu zolimba komanso zovomerezeka za malo oopsa, ngakhale njira yeniyeni yotetezera ingakhale yotetezeka ku moto, chitetezo chowonjezereka, kutsekereza, kapena kuphatikiza njira zingapo.

Kusiyanaku n'kofunika chifukwa kuchuluka kwa satifiketi kumatanthauza komwe chinthucho chingaikidwe mwalamulo komanso mosamala. Magulu a zida za ATEX amagwirizana ndi mulingo wotetezedwa wofunikira m'madera monga Zone 1, Zone 2, Zone 21, ndi Zone 22, pomwe gulu la gasi ndi kalasi ya kutentha zimatsimikiza ngati kutentha kwa pamwamba kumakhalabe pansi pa malire oyatsira kwa mlengalenga wa malowo. Dongosolo la mawu lomwe ndi lamphamvu koma losatsimikizika la zone silovomerezeka kulowa m'malo mwake.

Kwa ogula, njira yaifupi kwambiri ndiyo kuona mawuwa ngati chizindikiro, osati ngati umboni.Umboni uli mu dzina, zikalata, ndi satifiketi. Ndondomeko ya ATEX ya European Commission imafotokoza udindo wa zida muMalangizo a 2014/34/EU, pomwe IECEx imapereka njira yapadziko lonse yotsatirira malamulo kudzera muDongosolo la IECExNgati pepala la tender kapena spec sheet likugwiritsa ntchito mawu ofunikira monga speaker yosaphulika, gulu logula liyenera kupemphabe kuti malowo akhale oyenera komanso malire a chilengedwe.

Momwe mungasankhire cholankhulira cha ATEX chogwiritsidwa ntchito m'mafakitale

Sipika yabwino kwambiri ya ATEX ndi yomwe ikugwirizana ndi mbiri ya zoopsa, osati yomwe ikumveka kwambiri pa datasheet.Njira yothandiza yosankha imayamba ndi mafunso anayi: kodi chipangizocho chayikidwa kuti, ndi mpweya wotani womwe ulipo, phokoso lotani lomwe lilipo, ndipo chipangizocho chidzayendetsedwa bwanji ndikusamalidwa?

1. Dziwani malo oopsa.Gawo 1 ndi Gawo 2 zili ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zoopsa za mpweya, pomwe Gawo 21 ndi Gawo 22 zimagwirizana ndi fumbi loyaka.
2. Gwirizanitsani gulu la gasi kapena gulu la fumbi.Mamlengalenga ena amafuna kuti zipangizo zigwirizane bwino ndi zina.
3. Yang'anani kalasi ya kutentha.Kutentha kwa pamwamba kuyenera kukhala pansi pa malo oyatsira moto omwe akuyembekezeredwa.
4. Fotokozani njira yophimbira.Honi yopapatiza komanso cholankhulira chachikulu chimathetsa mavuto osiyanasiyana pa malo.
5. Konzani dongosolo lokhazikitsa ndi kupeza chithandizo.Ma waya a chingwe, mabulaketi oikira, ndi nthawi zowunikira nthawi zambiri zimatsimikiza mtengo wa moyo kuposa mtengo wa unit.

Mbali ya mawu ndi yofunika kwambiri. Malangizo a phokoso la ntchito a OSHA akuwonetsa kuti kuwonetsedwa nthawi yayitali ku 90 dBA kwa maola 8 kumafuna kuchitapo kanthu, ndipo kuwonjezeka kulikonse kwa 5 dB kumawonjezera theka la nthawi yovomerezeka yowonekera m'malamulo ambiri ogwira ntchito. Ichi ndichifukwa chake mawu a m'dera loopsa nthawi zambiri samakhala ngati cholankhulira chimodzi chokha. Ndikofunikira kufikira malo oyenera ndi kumvetsetsa kokwanira kuti ayankhe molondola. Pachifukwa chimenecho,Honi ya sipika ya PAnthawi zambiri imagwirizanitsidwa ndi zoning, pomwe kapangidwe kake ka ma paging kangafunike mayunitsi angapo ogawidwa.

Kwa magulu a malo omwe amafunikiranso kulumikizana ndi ogwiritsa ntchito, njira yolankhulirana ndi mawu ikhoza kugwirizanitsidwa ndifoni yosaphulikakapena foni yogwirizana ndi mafakitale kuti apange njira yolumikizirana yadzidzidzi. M'mapulojekiti ambiri, sipika imayang'anira kuwulutsa ndipo foni imayang'anira kukweza mawu mbali ziwiri.

Miyezo ndi satifiketi yokhudza kusankha malo olankhulira owopsa

Satifiketi ndiye maziko aukadaulo odalirika a wokamba nkhani wa ATEX.Ogula sayenera kuyambira pa kalembedwe ka enclosure kapena wattage; ayenera kuyambira pa miyezo yomwe imafotokoza komwe chipangizocho chingagwiritsidwe ntchito komanso momwe chinayesedwera. Ma references oyenera kwambiri nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi miyezo ya ATEX, IECEx, ndi chitetezo cha ingress.

IECndiISO 80079-36ndizofunikira kwambiri pofufuza mfundo zoteteza kuyaka kosagwiritsa ntchito magetsi komanso zida zotetezera mlengalenga wophulika. ISO 80079-36 imayang'ana zofunikira zoyambira za zida zopanda magetsi m'mlengalenga wophulika, pomwe zikalata za IEC 60079 zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pazofunikira zamagetsi ndi kukhazikitsa. Pakukana madzi ndi fumbi, IEC 60529 imatanthauzira ma IP code; IP66 imatanthauza kuti chotchingacho chili cholimba ngati fumbi ndipo chimatetezedwa ku ma jets amphamvu amadzi. Kwa mainjiniya a malo, code imeneyo ndi yothandiza pokhapokha ngati kasinthidwe ka mayeso kakugwirizana ndi mbiri yeniyeni yowonekera.

Miyezo siilowa m'malo mwa kuweruza kwa uinjiniya, koma imachepetsa kusamveka bwino.Ngati wogulitsa sangathe kufotokoza ubale womwe ulipo pakati pa dera loyesedwa, kalasi ya kutentha, ndi njira yeniyeni yoyikira, gulu la polojekitiyi liyenera kuwona zimenezo ngati chizindikiro choopsa. Pa mapulojekiti a anthu onse ndi mapulogalamu otumiza kunja, ubwino wa zolemba nthawi zambiri umakhala wofunika kwambiri monga momwe zida zimagwirira ntchito.

Kugwira ntchito kwa mawu, kuphimba, ndi kumveka bwino kwa zomera zomwe zimakhala ndi phokoso

Ntchito yaikulu ya sipika yoteteza kuphulika ndikupereka mawu omveka bwino, osati kungopereka nambala ya phokoso lamphamvu.Mu fakitale yokonza zinthu, alamu yokweza koma yopotoka ingakhale yofooka kuposa chizindikiro chopanda phokoso koma chomveka bwino. Chifukwa chake, kapangidwe ka mawu kayenera kuganizira momwe ma frequency amayankhidwira, kuwongolera, kutalika kwa malo oikira, kugwedezeka kwa mawu, ndi phokoso lakumbuyo.

Lamulo lothandiza pa dziko lenileni ndikukhala ndi chenjezo pamwamba pa phokoso lozungulira pamene mukupewa kufalikira mopitirira muyeso. Mu kapangidwe ka ma paging a mafakitale, 3 dB imayimira kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa mphamvu ya mawu, ndipo 6 dB nthawi zambiri imawonedwa ngati kusintha kwakukulu kwa phokoso. Popeza malo ambiri oopsa ali pakati pa 70 dBA ndi 95 dBA, wopanga makina ayenera kuyika malo otetezedwa mosamala m'malo moganiza kuti nyanga imodzi ikhoza kugwira ntchito pabwalo lonse.

Kusamveka bwino kwa mawu ndi njira yocheperako yomwe imawerengedwa kwambiri m'malo oopsa.Webusaiti ikhoza kukwaniritsa cholinga cha mawu omveka bwino koma osalankhula chifukwa uthengawo suli bwino chifukwa cha kuwunikira, phokoso la fan, kapena malo osakhazikika bwino. Ichi ndichifukwa chake kuyimitsa kuyenera kuphatikizapo kufufuza malo, osati kungoyang'ana mapepala okha. Ngati pulojekiti ikugwiritsa ntchito makina olankhulira pamodzi nditelefoni yadzidzidzi ya mafakitale, gawo la mawu liyenera kuyesedwa pansi pa phokoso logwira ntchito, osati panthawi yokhayo pamene chomera sichikugwira ntchito.

Kuyika, kukonza, ndi zoopsa za moyo wonse wa makina olankhulira otetezedwa ku kuphulika

Kulephera kwakukulu kwa malo kumachokera ku zolakwika zoyika m'malo mochokera ku thupi la sipika lokha.Kusankha bwino ma gland, kuyika ma bracket osasunthika, kulowa kwa madzi kudzera mu chingwe cholowera, kapena dzimbiri pamalo omangira zinthu kungawononge chinthu chovomerezeka. M'malo ovuta a mafakitale, njira yolephera nthawi zambiri imakhala yocheperako: choyamba phokoso limakhala lofooka, kenako malo ozungulira amawonongeka, ndipo pamapeto pake gulu lokonza limalowa m'malo mwa chipangizocho pakagwa nthawi.

Kukonzekera moyo wonse kuyenera kuphatikizapo mwayi wowunikira, mabulaketi owonjezera, zomangira zina, ndi njira yoyeretsera yomveka bwino. Ngati malowo akugwiritsa ntchito njira yotsukira, kupopera mchere, kapena kuwunika kuwala kwa dzuwa, kusankha zinthu kumakhala kofunika kwambiri. Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, aluminiyamu, ndi polima yapamwamba iliyonse imakhala ndi kusintha kwa kulemera, kukana dzimbiri, komanso kutentha. Ngakhale chinthu chodziwika bwino chingathe kuchita bwino ngati malo oyikapo akuwonjezera kugwedezeka kapena kutseka njira yolumikizira mawu.

1. Tsimikizani njira yolowera chingwe.Gwiritsani ntchito ma glands ndi zigawo zotsekera zomwe zikugwirizana ndi satifiketi.
2. Tsimikizani kuchuluka kwa bulaketi ndi komwe ikuyang'ana.Mphepo ndi kugwedezeka zimatha kumasula zipangizo zosasankhidwa bwino.
3. Yang'anani malo otsekera nthawi zonse.Fumbi, chinyezi, ndi zotsalira za mankhwala zimasonkhana mofulumira kuposa momwe magulu ambiri amayembekezera.
4. Lembani nthawi yokonza.Ngati kuwunika kuli kovuta kwambiri, kudzachedwa.

Kusavuta kukonza ndi gawo la chitetezo.Chipangizo chomwe chili chovuta kuchiyang'ana chimakhala chosavuta kuchinyalanyaza, ndipo zida zomwe sizikutsatiridwa zimakhala vuto lodalirika kale kwambiri zisanakhale vuto lovomerezeka lotsatira malamulo. Ichi ndi chimodzi mwa zifukwa zomwe ogula mapulojekiti nthawi zambiri amakondera.zinthu zolumikizirana zamafakitale zokhala ndi njira zomveka bwino zoyikirandi zowonjezera zomwe zikupezeka mosavuta.

Momwe mungafananizire njira zolumikizirana za ATEX kuti mugule

Pepala labwino loyerekeza kugula liyenera kuyika malamulo, mawu, kulimba, ndi kugwirira ntchito motsatira dongosolo limenelo.Mitengo ndi yofunika, koma m'malo oopsa mtengo wa chisankho cholakwika ukhoza kukhala wokwera kwambiri kuposa ndalama zoyambira zomwe zasungidwa. Chitsanzo chosavuta choyerekeza chimathandiza magulu a uinjiniya, EHS, ndi ogula kuti akwaniritse chisankho chomwecho popanda kufotokozera mobwerezabwereza.

Mu mapulojekiti ambiri, njira yabwino kwambiri si chipangizo chimodzi chokweza mawu koma kapangidwe ka makina komwe kamaphatikiza mfundo zingapo zazing'ono zophimba mawu.Njira imeneyi ingathandize kuti zinthu zizimveka bwino, kuchepetsa madera akufa, komanso kusintha zinthu mtsogolo pamene kapangidwe ka fakitale kasintha. N'kosavutanso kugwiritsa ntchito njira zolumikizirana zomwe zilipo kale. Kwa malo omwe amafunikira ma alamu akutali,Honi ya sipika ya PAakhoza kupereka chithandizo chowongolera, pomwemalo olumikizirana mwadzidzidziimathandizira kutsimikizira kwa anthu ndi kukweza.

Pamene cholankhulira cha malo oopsa chiyenera kukhala gawo la njira yayikulu yolumikizirana zachitetezo

Cholankhulira cha ATEX chimagwira ntchito bwino kwambiri chikakhala mu dongosolo lalikulu lolumikizirana ladzidzidzi.Yokha, imatha kufalitsa machenjezo, koma kapangidwe ka chitetezo chokwanira nthawi zambiri kamakhala ndi mafoni, ma intercom, ma paging a chipinda chowongolera, ndipo nthawi zina ma alarm owoneka. Izi ndizofunikira chifukwa zochitika zaphokoso kapena zachisokonezo nthawi zambiri zimafuna kutsimikiziridwa, osati kungodziwitsa za njira imodzi yokha.

Mwachitsanzo, fakitale ya mankhwala ingagwiritse ntchito mawu olembedwa kuti ituluke, foni ya m'dera loopsa kuti itsimikizire woyang'anira, komanso mawonekedwe a chipinda chowongolera kuti alembe zochitika. Mu ntchito imeneyo, sipika ndiye gawo lochenjeza mwachangu. Foni kapena intercom ndiye gawo lotsimikizira. Pamodzi zimafupikitsa nthawi yoyankha ndikuchepetsa chisokonezo panthawi yotseka kapena chochitika.

Njira zabwino kwambiri zolumikizirana zachitetezo zimapangidwa motsatira machitidwe a anthu omwe ali ndi nkhawa.Anthu sawerenga mabuku a malangizo pakagwa ngozi, choncho njira yotumizira uthenga iyenera kukhala yosavuta, yokweza mawu mokwanira, komanso yosavuta kutsimikizira. Ichi ndichifukwa chake ogula mafakitale amayesa kwambiri zida zolumikizirana malinga ndi zochitika monga moto, kutuluka kwa gasi, fumbi, kuzima kwa magetsi, kapena kusokoneza njira zolowera.

FAQ

Kodi cholankhulira cha ATEX chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa chiyani?

Cholankhulira cha ATEX chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kufalitsa ma alarm, ma paging, ndi mauthenga otuluka m'malo omwe pali mlengalenga wophulika. Chofunika kwambiri ndichakuti chipangizocho chikhale chovomerezeka ndi malo ndi momwe malowo akugwirira ntchito.

Kodi cholankhulira pamalo oopsa ndi chimodzimodzi ndi cholankhulira chosaphulika?

Osati nthawi zonse. M'machitidwe, mawuwa nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito mosiyanasiyana ndi ogula, koma tanthauzo lenileni limadalira dongosolo la satifiketi, lingaliro la chitetezo, ndi momwe zimakhazikitsidwira. Nthawi zonse tsimikizirani satifiketi ndi chizindikiro.

Kodi cholankhulira choletsa kuphulika chiyenera kukhala ndi mawu otani?

Iyenera kukhala yokweza mokwanira kuti ikhale yomveka bwino pamwamba pa phokoso lakumbuyo pamalo omvetsera. Mu zomera zambiri, izi zikutanthauza kukonzekera malire abwino pamwamba pa phokoso lakunja m'malo mogula chitsanzo cha mphamvu yapamwamba kwambiri.

Ndi miyezo iti yomwe ndiyenera kuyang'ana ndisanagule?

Osachepera, yang'anani satifiketi yoyenera ya ATEX kapena IECEx, zikalata zoyenera za IEC 60079, ndi IP rating pansi pa IEC 60529. Pazida za EU, Directive 2014/34/EU ndiyofunikanso.

Kodi wokamba nkhani m'modzi angaphimbe malo onse oopsa?

Nthawi zina, koma osati modalirika m'mafakitale ovuta. Kuphimba kumadalira kuchuluka kwa phokoso, kapangidwe kake, zopinga, ndi kutalika kwa malo oikira. Mayunitsi angapo nthawi zambiri amapanga kumveka bwino komanso madera ochepa akufa.

Ndi zipangizo ziti zomwe zili bwino kwambiri m'malo ovuta a mafakitale?

Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, aluminiyamu, ndi ma polima opangidwa ndi injini ndi zosankha zofala, chilichonse chili ndi kusiyana kosiyana pa kukana dzimbiri, kulemera, ndi magwiridwe antchito a kutentha. Kusankha koyenera kumadalira mlengalenga wa malo ndi dongosolo losamalira.

Kodi cholakwika chachikulu chomwe chimachitika kawirikawiri m'mapulojekiti a audio a m'dera loopsa ndi chiyani?

Cholakwika chofala kwambiri ndikuwona kukweza mawu ngati muyeso wokhawo woyezera magwiridwe antchito. M'malo mwake, kuchuluka kwa satifiketi, kumveka bwino, kuyika, ndi mwayi wokonza ndizofunikira monga momwe mawu amatulutsidwira.